SARS-CoV-2 Test Met. Real Time RT-PCR
Currently, the following methods are recommended for confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection are molecular methods that detect the genetic material of the virus (real time RT PCR).
The most common clinical signs of SARS-Cov-2 infection in most infected persons are:
- fever (83-99%),
- cough (59-82%),
- fatigue (44-70%).
If you have observed symptoms in yourself such as: Fever, Cough, Shortness of breath, and breathing problems, then: immediately notify the health and epidemiological station by telephoneor in case of severe symptoms call the emergency number 112 or go directly to an infectious disease unit.
If you do not have symptoms, but on the basis of your epidemiological history (e.g. confirmed cases of infection in your environment) you have a high probability of being infected, you can perform a paid test for SARS-CoV-2 using the PCR method. The PCR test is available at one of our collection points.
Information for persons after infection or quarantine.
A follow-up test should be performed at least 14 days after the first positive result. A follow-up test should be performed at least 14 days after the first positive result. In the case of a negative result, the test should be repeated after ≥24 hours. Two consecutive negative results are more likely to indicate elimination of the virus from the respiratory tract. If any result is positive, testing should be repeated at 7-day intervals until 2 consecutive negative results are obtained at 24-hour intervals.
A professional registration and collection procedure will be performed at the point of collection. Collected samples will be properly secured and transported to the laboratory in accordance with the National Consultant in Microbiology guidelines.
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Quantitative IgG antibody test - SARS-CoV-2 – new
The SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody test is used to verify the presence of immune antibodies following infection with the virus causing COVID-19. IgG antibodies can be detected at least 11 days after the onset of disease symptoms. IgG antibodies are a “late phase” p/c indicating the development of a specific humoral immune response that produces antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. A positive result may indicate a history of inactive infection.
We are now offering a quantitative IgG – SARS-CoV-2 assay (a chemiluminescent immunochemical test using paramagnetic particles for the quantitative determination of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in human serum (blood-based assays)). This test may be performed prior to vaccination to check serum IgG antibody levels in the individual, and after vaccination to check the body’s immune response to the vaccine (according to vaccine manufacturers, full immunity will develop in most vaccinated persons 7-14 days after the second dose of the vaccine).
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Interpretation of the result:
Quantitative IgG antibody test -SARS-CoV-2
Unit: IU/mL
Range:
< 10 IU/mL – non-reactive > 10 IU/mL – reactive
Ref: <10 IU/mL
What does the test result mean?
A reactive test result means that the body has or has had previous exposure to SARS-COV-2 or has developed an immune response to the vaccine and has produced antibody to SARS-COV-2.
A non-reactive test result means that antibody to SARS-COV-2 was not found in the sample.
A non-reactive result may occur in infected individuals or after vaccination if the specimen collection is too early in the course of the disease and the body has not had enough time to develop antibodies to SARS-COV-2.
If symptoms are present, consult a physician for testing of SARS-COV-2 RNA with real time RT-PCR.
IgG/IgM - SARS-CoV-2 boxed tests
method: immunochromatography – rapid qualitative test
Serologic diagnosis allows the detection of antibodies and may be of value particularly in persons with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic infections. The presence of antibodies suggests contact of the patient with the virus and the production of antibodies to it by the infected organism.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM antibodies appear in the blood of patients 7-14 days after potential infection.
Serologic testing should be considered complementary to molecular methods.
To obtain a complete picture of the acquisition of immunity, serologic tests are performed in serum collected at two time periods. The first 7 days after probable contact or confirmed infection by PCR test and after 2-4 weeks (second serum sample).
A positive test result requires further diagnosis and confirmation.
A negative test result does not rule out the possibility of infection.
A test result alone cannot establish a diagnosis or rule out COVID-19.
The test result is part of a comprehensive diagnostic and treatment process and must be interpreted in relation to the patient’s condition, clinical data, epidemiologic history, and other diagnostic studies (including PCR).
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SARS-CoV-2 test, antigen, qualitative test
Generation II antigen tests have been approved for use in Poland.
They are a cheaper and quicker alternative to confirm SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Unfortunately, they do not have the same accuracy as molecular NAAT tests performed by real-time RT-PCR.
According to WHO and CDC guidelines, antigen tests can be used to diagnose infection in symptomatic patients within the first 5-7 days of symptom onset.
Initial testing with the SARS-CoV-2 antigen test is acceptable. In this case, positive persons should be considered infected and all other negative persons should be tested by NAAT.
It is important to note that a reliable antigen test result is only considered positive in a person with symptoms of COVID-19 disease.
If there are any symptoms of disease, a negative result does not allow us to draw any conclusions.
In asymptomatic patients at risk/suspected of having SARS-CoV-2 infection, a molecular test should be performed. In order to increase the availability of molecular testing in these patients, especially in foci of infection, an initial test can be performed using the SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection test and positive patients can be considered infected and the remaining negative patients can be tested using NAAT.
In persons tested without any symptoms and without suspected contact with infected persons, negative results are very likely to consider that person as not currently transmitting the infection.
